roofing of log cabins.
author:admin source:未知 published:2013-08-23 15:22
log cabins were constructed with either a purlin roof structure or a rafter roof structure. a purlin roof consists of horizontal logs that are notched into the gable-wall logs. the latter are progressively shortened to form the characteristic triangular gable end. the steepness of the roof was determined by the reduction in size of each gable-wall log as well as the total number of gable-wall logs. flatter roofed cabins might have had only 2 or 3 gable-wall logs while steeply pitched roofs might have had as many gable-wall logs as a full story. issues related to eave overhang and a porch also influenced the layout of the cabin.
the decision about roof type often was based on the material for roofing like bark. milled lumber was usually the most popular choice for rafter roofs in areas where it was available. these roofs typify many log cabins built in the 20th century, having full-cut 2x4 rafters covered with pine and cedar shingles. the purlin roofs found in rural settings and locations, where milled lumber was not available, often were covered with long hand-split shingles.
some older buildings in the american midwest and the canadian prairies are log structures covered with clapboards or other materials. nineteenth-century cabins used as dwellings were occasionally plastered on the interior. the o'farrell cabin (ca. 1865) in boise, idaho had backed wallpaper used over newspaper. the c.c.a. christenson cabin in ephraim, utah (ca. 1880) was plastered over willow lath.
log cabins reached their peak of complexity and elaboration with the adirondack-style cabins of the mid-19th century. this style was the inspiration for many united states park service lodges built at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. log cabin building never died out or fell out of favor. it was surpassed by the needs of a growing urban america. during the 1930s and the great depression, the roosevelt administration directed the civilian conservation corps to build log lodges throughout the west for use by the forest service and the national park service. timberline lodge on mount hood in oregon was such a log structure, and it was dedicated by president franklin d. roosevelt.
in 1930, the world's largest log cabin was constructed at a private resort in montebello, quebec, canada. often described as a "log château", it serves as the château montebello hotel.
the modern version of a log cabin is the log home, which is a house built usually from milled logs. the logs are visible on the exterior and sometimes interior of the house. these cabins are mass manufactured, traditionally in scandinavian countries and increasingly in eastern europe. squared milled logs are precut for easy assembly. log homes are popular in rural areas, and even in some suburban locations. in many resort communities in the american west, homes of log and stone measuring over 3,000 sq ft (280 m2) are not uncommon. these "kit" log homes are one of the largest consumers of logs in the western united states. this is also true of the eastern united states for an example of this see http://www.virginia-cabins.com/new_log_cabin.html.
in europe, modern log cabins are often built in gardens and used as summerhouses, home offices or as an additional room in the garden. summer houses and cottages are often built from logs in northern europe.
chinking refers to the mortar/infill material between the logs in the construction of log cabins and other log-walled structures. traditionally, dried mosses, such as pleurozium schreberi or hylocomium splendens, were used in the nordic countries as an insulator between logs.(from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
